适用于河北坝上地区的农田风蚀经验模型

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2016.00094

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目前，中国缺少一种被广泛认可、普遍适用于中国自然条件的农田风蚀模型。本研究利用多年的野外风沙观测数据和风洞模拟实验结果，建立了一种基于河北坝上地区自然环境的农田风蚀经验模型。该模型涵盖风力侵蚀因子、粗糙干扰因子和土壤抗蚀因子三大风蚀影响因子，包括起沙风速、地表粗糙度、土壤可蚀性和土壤含水率四大风蚀影响要素，可对各种农田地表的风蚀量进行定量计算和预测。应用该模型对坝上地区2013年风蚀季农田风蚀量进行定量计算。结果表明，翻耕耙平地的平均风蚀量为39.45 t·hm^-2·a^-1，莜麦留茬地的平均风蚀量为14.08 t·hm^-2·a^-1，与采用其他方法得到的结果比较接近。在更广泛地区对模型进行验证和修订，促进该风蚀模型与“3S”技术融合是下一步的重点工作。

关键词: 风蚀经验模型, 农田, 风力侵蚀因子, 粗糙干扰因子, 土壤抗蚀因子, 坝上

Abstract: There is not a wind erosion model so far that is widely accepted and can be well applied in farmland of China. A wind erosion empirical model applied in farmland of Bashang area, Hebei province was established in the study by years of field observation and wind tunnel simulation. The model was composed of wind erosivity factors, roughness interference factors and soil anti-erodibility factors and included four main elements of influencing wind erosion, which were threshold wind velocity, surface roughness, soil erodibility and soil water content. It can quantitatively estimate and predict soil loss by wind erosion for various farmland surfaces. The soil loss of farmland in the wind erosion season of 2013 was calculated using the model in the Bashang area of Hebei Province. The results showed that the average soil loss by wind erosion was 39.45 t·hm^-2 on ploughed and raked field and 14.08 t·hm^-2 on oat stubble field, which were close to the results obtained by other methods. Validation and revision of the model in a wider area and promoting the technology integration between this model and "3S" technology are the main work in the future.

Key words: wind erosion empirical model, farmland, wind erosivity factors, roughness interference factors, soil anti-erodibility factors, Bashang area

中图分类号:

P931.3

王仁德, 常春平, 郭中领, 李庆. 适用于河北坝上地区的农田风蚀经验模型[J]. 中国沙漠, 2017, 37(6): 1071-1078.

Wang Rende, Chang Chunping, Guo Zhongling, Li Qing. A Wind Erosion Empirical Model of Farmland Applied in Bashang Area of Hebei, China[J]. JOURNAL OF DESERT RESEARCH, 2017, 37(6): 1071-1078.

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